Annoyed. You didn't need the trial to know that there was something wrong there. The National Football League, a multibillion-dollar commercial juggernaut, presides over America's indisputable national pastime. NARRATOR: He sat atop a multi-billion-dollar empire that he was determined to protect. I was scared. It just I just couldn't believe what I was seeing. That's the sacrifice that you take to play this game. Films on Demand. APA reference style is a style of citing sources used by the American Psychological Association.It is primarily used in the social sciences and includes guidelines for citing sources both within the text of a document and in the . And it was probably 15 members of the committee. Dr. ANN McKEE: I had an 18-year-old at that time. And while he's up there, Casson is off to the side and he's rolling his eyes. Use these letters in both in-text citations and the Reference list. [laughs] So we continued talking, talking. PETER KEATING, Reporter, ESPN: It sure looks like it was just a relentless and endless delaying action. Those things seem to happen around 1,000 to 1,500 times a year. When you are citing two different sources that share the same author and year of publication, assign lowercase letters after the year of publication (a, b, c, etc.). CHRIS NOWINSKI: We head on up to a very, very fancy conference room, nice wood paneling, jerseys and trophies in the glass. How do you eliminate them with and have the game still be football? STEVE FAINARU: Just as they're finishing up the autopsy, the chaplain comes walking into the room and he says, literally, "Houston, we have a problem." Seau made millions. Create a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. PETER KEATING: All the teams are present. BETH WILKINSON, NFL's Attorney: Let's be clear. Dr. ANN McKEE: We have an enormously high hit rate. I was expecting to see a brain with Alzheimer's disease features, so a shriveled, ugly-looking brain. NARRATOR: To outsiders, the choice of Pellman was unusual. We're talking in the year 2013. NARRATOR: And according to Dr. McKee, there was something else, something familiar about the way the NFL committee was acting. "League of Denial" was also a ratings success. Goodell had grown up in Washington, the son of a United States senator from New York. They insinuated I was not practicing medicine, I was practicing voodoo. If I had not been told his age, I would say he looked like 70. LEIGH STEINBERG: He looked at me and he said, "Leigh, where am I?" NARRATOR: The news that day would start a chain of events that would threaten to forever change the way Americans see the game of football. And I remember the technician telling me, he said, "What are you fixing this brain for? I was, like, floored. This is still not something that we're buying into.". October 8, Causation did football cause CTE? THOMAS GIRARDI, Players' Attorney: The main allegations here are it's very simple. northern cricket league professionals; breaux bridge jail inmates; virtualbox ubuntu failed to start snap daemon; len and brenda credlin Let's go! It's not for anyone else." "Frontline" League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis (TV Episode 2013) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. MLA citation generator could help will change over time, you What time is it? MARK FAINARU-WADA: He like Webster, his life had sort of fallen apart in a lot of ways. NARRATOR: The glory and the violence of football was beamed into tens of millions of American living rooms during primetime. cheryl mchenry retiring; fruit pizza with cool whip no cream cheese; pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation close. STEVE FAINARU: He gets the first flight out the next morning. They were all destroyed and gone and broken glass, and they were all down, you know? I'm just tired and confused right now, that's why I say I can't really I can't say it the way I want to say it. No one from the NFL talked to. And then to be down to a place of poverty, a place where, you know, your brain can't function to finish a sentence without some help from Ritalin or whatever you need to function for a short period of time. STEVE FAINARU: The room is dark because Aikman can't even stand looking into the light. It was pretty obvious, actually, the first interview that he had some type of cognitive impairment. He wasn't the same person. BETH WILKINSON, NFL's Attorney: We strongly deny those allegations that we withheld any information or misled the players. What prompted the U.S. Department of Justice to investigate over 150 unsolved civil rights era killings? 2022/5/26. MICHAEL ORIARD, Center, Kansas City Chiefs, 1970-73: The way the game is played, I don't see how you can eliminate all of those routine hits that linemen make every play. MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: Chris Nowinski shows up and says, "Look, I'll find the brains for you. She showed up uninvited to a league meeting about caring for retired players. ANNOUNCER: Down he goes! NARRATOR: Dr. McKee has now examined the brains of 46 former NFL players. NARRATOR: At 43, his business empire had imploded. PETER KEATING, Reporter, ESPN: The closer you look, the less this holds up. JANE LEAVY: Nowinski, who is not a scientist, says, "There are people getting hit here. He was Mike Webster. I mean, we battled in there, and this is what this is the result of it right here, sitting right here looking at you. Said, "Oh, he's even bigger than Mike Webster." Find databases subscribed to by UW-Madison Libraries, searchable by title and description. ROGER GOODELL: Let me address your first question. We just have to be careful not to say that this causes that and be able to connect those dots without having more prospective analysis. See production, box office & company info, Self - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Self - Neuropsychologist, Boston University, This documentary is better than what "Concussion" and Will Smith could ever think to create. January 20, ALAN SCHWARZ: At the bottom of page 32, there it was, "dementia." People didn't notice. . ROGER GOODELL: and all the Steelers fans, congratulations on your sixth world championship! NEWSCASTER: The NFL changes its playbook, NEWSCASTER: New rules for treating athletes with concussions, NEWSCASTER: NFL commissioner Roger Goodell wants all teams to adhere to a new policy for head injuries. LISA McHALE: I never hesitated to be public with Tom's findings because I was so fully blown away to know that Tom could have had the kind of injury he had to his brain and that it could have been caused by football. ALAN SCHWARZ, The New York Times: Documents were passed to me at Smith and Wollensky's in Manhattan, in an envelope. September 30, JUNIOR SEAU: [NFL Films] A perfect hit is when you're faced up, coming one on one, and you hear him go, "Uh" just a little "Uh.". They're on fire! He was known as "Iron Mike". NARRATOR: The Monday night games were always among the highest rated television broadcasts. Nobody ever told me. TYLER SEAU, Son: We got really close, and you know, I feel like it's turning around, OK, he wants to be part of my life. I really think it shouldn't be published. What possible motive? A text book: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. NEWSCASTER: The National Football League says it will encourage current and former players to donate their brains, NARRATOR: As the story of the deal broke, NEWSCASTER: The NFL is donating $1 million towards the study. The So I think the incidence and prevalence has to be a lot higher than people realize. NARRATOR: Almost right away, Nowinski secured a portion of the brain of a 45-year-old former Tampa Bay Buccaneer, Tom McHale. ANNOUNCER: [ABC "Monday Night Football," 1970] O.J. NARRATOR: Omalu started at the feet and worked his way up. MARK FAINARU-WADA: I think the NFL has done an incredible job at marketing itself and turning itself into a spectacle, a sort of cultural part of our lives. People to observation schedule > therapeutic approaches psychoanalytic therapy > Juul exec slams FDA over approach! APA Activity 2: Citing PracticeCreate a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. STEVE FAINARU: He was very much a creature of this expanding juggernaut of the NFL. From the beginning of the autopsy, Dr. Omalu could see the effects of 17 years in the football wars. NARRATOR: For Dr. McKee and others, it raised the obvious question. COLIN WEBSTER, Son: You know, he was supergluing his teeth back into his head, and he actually made that work. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, BU CTE Center: Owen Thomas to me was a critical case. He's at the 45! And if there's anything that may infringe on that, that may limit that, I don't want my kids doing it. Last Tuesday PBS Frontline premiered League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis, a damning investigation of the National Football League's efforts to suppress and discredit mounting evidence that the head trauma professional football players routinely endure poses grave health risks. She says, "This is a crisis, and anybody who doesn't believe it is in denial.". Watch the Trailer. The number is relatively small. "Did I play well?" MARK FAINARU-WADA: And so ultimately, he committed suicide by drinking antifreeze. Th edition 1 1 site that hosts the page, followed By a pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation. NARRATOR: Omalu submitted another paper to Neurosurgery, this one about Terry Long. But this time, it was the league saying it. ", CHRIS NOWINSKI, Co-Director, BU CTE Center: I spent time making calls. JANE LEAVY: This is a process that is awe-inspiring in the old-fashioned sense of the word. I had, you know, a lot of we had a lot of mutual friends, spoke to people at his foundation and just said, you know, "We would like every other case, we would like to review this case, if you want.". Using APA reference style, the references is attached below from Feldman, R. S. (2013) to American Psychology Association (2020). But then, uncharacteristically, trouble. NARRATOR: The commissioner arrived like a celebrity, the star attraction at the hearing and the focus of all the cameras. Who is this guy who doesn't know Mike Webster in Pittsburgh?". JANE LEAVY: The attitude is so careful about that this is a person that's being delivered into their care. NARRATOR: Back in New York, with the pressure mounting, the commissioner decided to make some dramatic changes. You may use your text or the GCU Library website to help you, but do not use citation generators.A textbook: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. A certain percentage of the individuals diagnosed with this have had steroid abuse, alcohol abuse, other substances abuses. BOB FITZSIMMONS: The NFL acknowledges that repetitive trauma to the head in football, football can cause a permanent disabling injury to the brain. Hell, I don't know what I'm saying. STEVE YOUNG, San Francisco 49ers, 1987-99: I remember thinking as I walked to the sidelines, "This is not good," you know? LEIGH STEINBERG: The actual logo of Monday Night Football showed helmets hitting together. He didn't know what was going on. MARK FAINARU-WADA: There's no admission whatsoever of guilt by the league. ANNOUNCER: The build-up is over, and away we go in Super Bowl 43! NARRATOR: They had even invited outside scientists who had become some of the league's biggest critics. . New York, NY: MBCS. It's you know, it's a way of life. A text book: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. TV is paying huge money to televise the sport. Then he submitted a scientific paper on the Webster case to the one journal that seemed to be most interested in head injuries in football, Neurosurgery, and Dr. Apuzzo accepted it. BOB FITZSIMMONS, Webster's Attorney: The thing that struck me the most was how intelligent Mike was, and the problem was that he just couldn't continue those thought patterns for longer than a 30-second period, or a minute or two minutes. And especially when you're learning the thing, you know, you fall on your head a lot. Are you interested?" But 27 years and four children later, Mike and Pam Webster's marriage ended. We're going to give them the money, advance that science. NARRATOR: It was a disease never previously identified in football players, chronic traumatic encephalopathy CTE. For 70 years, they've loved their football team, the Steelers. He was on my left. What? He had been involved in some serious financial problems. Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. NARRATOR: Dr. Edward Westbrook examined him. Find journal titles available online and in print. NARRATOR: Over the years, he became increasingly confused. JANE LEAVY, Author, The Woman Who Would Save Football: I don't think anyone else but the wives, sisters, mothers, daughters, and Ann McKee, could have forced this issue into American consciousness. He's so young. And they were trying to fight back. (Producer) Bruce, C. (Producer) & Gigliotti, D. (Producer) Once his career was over, McHale ran a successful chain of restaurants. Paraphrasing content from first source . It's a big deal. It's huge business. A high school senior, a straight-A student, he'd played multiple sports. There's nobody in America who doesn't know what that means. Additional funding is provided by the Abrams Foundation; the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Park Foundation; the Heising-Simons Foundation; and the FRONTLINE Journalism Fund with major support from Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation, and additional support from Koo and Patricia Yuen. And they're going to be football players. DOCUMENT: "has determined that Mr. Webster is currently totally and permanently disabled.". ANNOUNCERS: Oh, did they hit him that time! Dr. BENNET OMALU: I wish I never met Mike Webster. STAN SAVRAN, Pittsburgh Sports Reporter: This is a tough town. ANNOUNCER: Let's give him a big round of applause! All the teams had to send doctors and trainers. I can spend hours doing it. ANNOUNCER: [ABC "Monday Night Football," 1983] vivid picturization of the excitement. NARRATOR: At the same time, another force was also causing trouble for the NFL and the commissioner, the wives and widows of players with CTE. No. GINA SEAU, Ex-Wife: We didn't know why he was detached or forgetting, or why he would bark at us for nothing or we didn't know. You'll receive access to exclusive information and early alerts about our documentaries and investigations. I mean, your money's gone. NARRATOR: Steve Fainaru and his brother, Mark Fainaru-Wada, are investigative reporters. Refer to the guidelines for writing an effective summary presented in the Lecture 2 as a guide. KEVIN GUSKIEWICZ, Ph.D., NFL Head, Neck and Spine Cmte. So again, I think that's where we had we may have had an issue. CORRESPONDENT: Is there any evidence as of today that links multiple head injuries with any long-term problem like that? If you need more information on APA citations check out our APA citation guide or start citing with the BibguruAPA citation generator. STEVE YOUNG: If my knee is hurt, everyone knows it and I know it, and we can go deal with it, and shoulders. Let me spend time with this brain. And so the image of the situation to most fans is that the NFL got taken to task for the concussion problem, OK? The pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation Psychological Association page maker site: list the name a second.. Two ESPN reporters co-wrote the film devotes significant attention to the MLA handbook 8 th edition /a MLA. MARK FAINARU-WADA: Five minutes later, they're sitting there, they're continuing to hang out, and Aikman suddenly turns to Steinberg and says, "What am I doing here?" LISA McHALE: Eight months ago, I lost my best friend, my college sweetheart and my husband of 18 years. There's no increase in concussions. They don't have they don't look at they haven't done this work. And the next thing you know, they are reliving this conversation they'd had five minutes earlier. NARRATOR: It was the first hard evidence that playing football could cause permanent brain damage. DOCUMENT: "indicate that his disability is the result of head injuries he suffered as a football player.". PETER KEATING, Reporter, ESPN: Goodell is asked point-blank if he stands by the idea that concussions don't hurt pro football players. PETER KEATING: The threat to the NFL from this litigation was existential. We need to figure those things out. And I said, "My God, of course. Franco Harris is down to 30, big pileup. : We don't know who is at risk for it. October 8, 2013. NARRATOR: On the other side, the NFL's lawyers. LEIGH STEINBERG: I watched athletes I represented play with collapsed lungs. NARRATOR: For Chris Harvard, the performance often ended with a blow to the head. CHRIS NOWINSKI: And I said, "There's something really wrong with me." He suffered countless head injuries. NARRATOR: Dr. McKee admits she's seeing only a small sample. NARRATOR: NFL commissioner Paul Tagliabue orchestrated the league's response. CHRIS NOWINSKI: As long as the NFL dismissed this, that meant that parents were signing their kids up to go play football, believing that there was no risk. COLIN WEBSTER, Son: They were fighting it from the beginning, against just the common sense of, you know, here's this guy, look at him, you know? CHRIS HARVARD: You people should be grateful to have someone of my intelligence in your presence! It was a scientific first. STEVE FAINARU: The NFL is broadcast over five networks. They publicly said he should retract his findings. NARRATOR: In 1994, during the NFC championship, Aikman took a knee to the head. And the dirtier and muddier it got made things better. Without any history of diagnosed concussions, it seemed unlikely he had CTE. He's clearly distressed by what he's hearing. Subscribe on YouTube: http://bit.ly/1BycsJWThe National Football League presides over Ameri. MARK FAINARU-WADA: You've got the most popular sport in America basically on notice. And his face brightened and we celebrated again. The problem is it's a journalist issue. Oh, let's go to Tampa Bay where the Super Bowl's about to play out, where there's 4,000 media members who are there waiting to watch. PBS Frontline special League of Denial The document found at this address: (2013).pdf The episode of Friends titled: The One After Joey and Rachel Kiss The 6 th edition of the APA Manual Russell, D.O (Director) Gordon, J. MARK FAINARU-WADA: The last thing the league wanted to be dealing with in that moment was the analogy to big tobacco. And I'm, like, "OK." I don't know, you know, he's my hero, I'm going to do whatever he tells me. He'd say it was like David and Goliath, over and over, because it was. How many brain traumas do you need to get this? And what we've been told is the NFL was offering virtually nothing. They haven't looked at brain after brain after brain. I thought that she presented herself, as I recall it's been several years that there was something something in her manner. NARRATOR: Pittsburgh. He said, "But I haven't slept nothing." HARRY CARSON, Author, Captain For Life: I think everyone now has a better sense of what damage you can get from playing football. He's truly a legend, and he will be with us forever. LEIGH STEINBERG: I went to visit Troy, who was sitting in a darkened hospital room all alone. They should have known because the issue is so critical. ", NEWSCASTER: A true champion who wound up homeless, depressed. Knock him out! He was chief operating officer when the league's scientific committee sent those controversial papers to the journal Neurosurgery. This is information that I would have like to have had.". NEWSCASTER: He was arrested for forging 19 prescriptions for Ritalin, which he used to combat the erratic behavior caused by. ANNOUNCER: You see it right here. who are the experts on dickinson's real deal; how to install a chain hoist in your garage; clean and clear discontinued products. NARRATOR: By 2010, Dr. McKee had looked at the brains of 20 NFL players. Reporter James Edwards seeks answers to these questions, reflecting on his own familys experiences along the way. These are the sources and citations used to . NARRATOR: Nearly broke, homeless and losing his mind, Webster decided football had hurt him, and the NFL was going to pay for it. MARK FAINARU-WADA: We went to New York to meet with them and say, "Look, this is what we're doing. Dr. BENNET OMALU: If you read, Pellman made statements like what I practice is not medicine, it's not science. NARRATOR: The committee members believed Dr. McKee could not answer two important questions. ", STEVE FAINARU: And Omalu becomes very firm in that moment, and he says, "Fix the brain. STEVE FAINARU: Webster's forehead was essentially fixed to its scalp. Your pride's gone. ANNOUNCER: Now back to the third, and he goes outside. And there was clearly among the NFL committee, there was just a very steadfast belief that this is not a problem. For the past four years, journalist Josh Baker has been trying to uncover the truth about an American familys journey from Indiana to the Islamic State groups caliphate and back. We're talking about a nefarious injury, one that you never feel until it's too late. And I knew that I wasn't the only person, but I was a person in a position to make a difference. League of denial : the NFL's concussion crisis. ANNOUNCER: Here comes Seau! U.S. Energy Information Administration. Ready with slow motion and isolated. He had issues, certainly, during his career. NARRATOR: Dr. Omalu wanted to fix the brain, preserve it in a chemical bath for further study. I'm not saying I was different than that. The minute you put your pads on, you're only one play away from getting seriously injured. GINA SEAU: I can understand where certain groups are saying, "Wow. NARRATOR: McKee and colleagues from Boston University were determined to examine as many brains as they could, and this man knew how to get them. Not long after her trip to Tampa, Dr. McKee received a phone call. And they had asked players, or their representatives, their wives, "Have you been diagnosed by a physician as having Alzheimer's, dementia, or any other memory-related disease?"". That was the first I heard of it. And he's sacked! Apuzzo was also a consultant for the New York Giants. FRED SMERLAS, Buffalo Bills, 1979-89: Well, Webby would hit you with his head first. Sexism is part of my life. ROGER GOODELL: that we've reached an agreement here that resolves these issues, and we'll move forward from there. NARRATOR: And it had paid off. Discover digital objects and collections curated by the UW-Digital Collections Center. There was just something just about the way she said it. BOB FITZSIMMONS: The NFL had not only hired an investigator to look into this, they also hired their own doctor and said, "Hey, we want to evaluate Mike Webster.". MARK FAINARU-WADA: Though the league previously, through Greg Aiello, acknowledged a link, there's no more acknowledging a link exists. IRA CASSON, M.D., Co-Chair, MTBI Committee, 2007-09: Anecdotes do not make scientifically valid evidence. It's pretty scary. JULIAN BAILES, M.D., Team Physician, Steelers, 1988-97: Well, Mike Webster exemplified what it was like to be a player in the Steel City and a player in that era that for me was the greatest team of all time. UNV 503. Nearly four in five football players examined by one of the nation's leading brain banks tested positive for the disease now at the center of the debate over concussions in football. So no, they're definitely different diseases." You know, he had veins all over his legs, varicose veins and stuff like that. NARRATOR: They even questioned whether Mike Webster was suffering from neurological problems. jim martin death couples massage class san diego beaver falls football pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation. BENNET OMALU, M.D., Medical Examiner: I put the slides in and looked. NEWSCASTER: Congress is looking into the long-term impact of concussions. You'll receive access to exclusive information and early alerts about our documentaries and investigations. JANE LEAVY, Journalist: The brains are precious cargo. For FRONTLINE, ESPN and in their own book, they've been investigating how the NFL has handled evidence that football may be destroying the brains of NFL players. LEIGH STEINBERG: This is the commissioner of the NFL saying that there's no concussion issue. ANNOUNCER: This venerable stadium will be a wild scene tonight! MEGAN NODERER: Oh, my God! NARRATOR: Some researchers say Dr. McKee has examined only a limited sample of players and too few brains to justify her conclusions. FRONTLINE is a registered trademark of WGBH Educational Foundation. YOUTH FOOTBALL TEAM: What time is it? NARRATOR: But away from the cameras, the two sides were engaged in tense court-ordered negotiations. But no, you're not coming.". That's all I can say about that. You know, the NFL has had this strategy of going nuclear every time it goes to court because the first time you ever lose, you open up the floodgates to potential billions of dollars of damage. and A lawyer is there to figure out what the league needs to do to defend itself against a storm that may or may not come, but the league has to be ready to fight. 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